Prospects for the Development of China's Vacuum Coating Industry in 2023
Date：2023/7/19 15:56:01
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1、 Overview of Vacuum Coating Industry
Vacuum coating is a technique for producing thin film materials by physical methods. The atoms of the material in the vacuum chamber are separated from the heating source and hit onto the surface of the coated object. This technology was first used to produce optical lenses, such as nautical telescope lenses. Afterwards, it extends to other functional films, such as album aluminum plating, decorative coating, and material surface modification. For example, the watch casing is plated with imitation gold, and mechanical cutting tools are coated to change the processing red hardness.
Preparation of film layers in vacuum, including deposition of crystalline metal, semiconductor, insulator, and other elemental or compound films. Although chemical vapor deposition also uses vacuum methods such as reduced pressure, low pressure, or plasma, vacuum coating generally refers to the deposition of thin films using physical methods. There are three forms of vacuum coating, namely evaporation coating, sputtering coating, and ion plating.
Vacuum coating refers to the deposition of a certain metal or metallized material in the form of a vapor phase onto the surface of a material (usually a non-metallic material) in a vacuum environment, belonging to the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) process. Because the coating is often a metal film, it is also known as vacuum metallization. Broadly speaking, vacuum coating also includes vacuum evaporation of non-metallic functional films such as polymers on the surface of metal or non-metallic materials.
There are three forms of vacuum coating, namely evaporation coating, sputtering coating, and ion plating. Among them, the molecules of the evaporated substance are ionized by electron collisions and deposited as ions on the solid surface, known as ion plating.
This technology was proposed by D. Metox in 1963. Ion plating is a combination of vacuum evaporation and cathode sputtering technology. Vacuum ion plating can be divided into three methods: arc ion plating, magnetron sputtering ion plating, and hollow cathode ion plating. The functions of vacuum coating are multifaceted, which also determines its wide range of applications. Overall, the main functions of vacuum coating include imparting a high metallic luster and mirror effect to the surface of the coated object, providing excellent barrier performance on the thin film material, and providing excellent electromagnetic shielding and conductivity effects. For example, the watch casing is plated with imitation gold, and mechanical cutting tools are coated with film.
The rapid development and widespread application of surface treatment is considered an important progress in the manufacturing field, occupying the market in the manufacturing and maintenance industries with its practicality, high-quality, efficient, and low consumption characteristics, and showing a steady upward trend. At present, there are over a hundred mature surface treatment technologies that have been put into industrial application. Surface processing technology is not only the key to ensuring the internal quality of products, but also an important means of ensuring the appearance quality of products.
At present, the vacuum coating equipment industry in China is mainly divided into four categories: PVD coating equipment, CVD beryllium coating equipment, magnetron sputtering equipment, and other vacuum beryllium coating equipment. Among them, PVD coating equipment accounts for 55.32% of the overall vacuum coating equipment market size, ranking first. Secondly, CVD beryllium coating equipment accounts for 36.67% of the overall vacuum coating equipment market size. Thirdly, magnetron sputtering equipment accounts for 6.95% of the overall vacuum coating equipment market size. Finally, Other vacuum beryllium film equipment accounts for 1.05% of the overall vacuum coating equipment market size.
2、 Development Status and Supply and Demand Analysis of China's Vacuum Coating Market
With the continuous development of industrial technology, the comprehensive performance requirements for materials are also constantly improving. A single material performance can no longer meet the performance requirements of certain working machinery in specific environments. After decades of development, domestic vacuum ion coating machines have made certain progress in automation and technology compared to foreign high-end coating equipment. However, the stability and accuracy of coating products still need to be improved, and high-end equipment still relies on imports. At the same time, there is a situation of oversupply in the low-end product market of multi arc ion coating machines, resulting in fierce price competition.
The market survey and analysis report of the vacuum coating industry shows that the overcapacity of traditional manufacturing industries such as the vacuum coating equipment industry in China has become apparent, and the reverse effect is significant. The country is vigorously developing the environmental protection industry, banning, transforming, or limiting the production of the traditional electroplating industry. This is a great opportunity for the development of the ion coating industry. The high cost-effectiveness of vacuum coating and the environmental pollution caused by traditional electroplating have forced vacuum coating to become the mainstream, and vacuum coating equipment for various types and coating processes is constantly increasing.
Market saturation refers to the ratio of the current total market sales volume of a product to its market potential. Vacuum coating market saturation=total number of vacuum coating equipment * average sales volume of goods * average unit price of goods/potential market buyers * average consumption amount * proportion of consumption in this category. According to our calculations, the current saturation of the vacuum coating equipment market in China is approximately 64.5%.
3、 Driving factors for market demand growth in the vacuum coating industry
(1) The industrialization process drives the demand for basic equipment
At present, China's industrialization process is relatively slow, and the basic links and equipment conditions are relatively backward, with huge potential for future growth. By comparing the division of industrialization development process in "Industry 4.0", only a few fields in China's industry are in the "Industry 4.0" stage, while the majority are in the mid to early stages of "Industry 3.0", and even some industries or enterprises are in the "Industry 2.0" stage. This imbalanced industrialization development means a stable demand for high-end intelligent tool consumption in the future. The energy conservation and environmental protection requirements that match the growth of China's economic scale and the improvement of its international status, as well as the development of emerging strategic industries, will also bring about the upgrading demand for high-end vacuum coating CNC equipment and tools consumption level.
(2) Strong support from national industrial policies
China has successively issued a series of strategic plans and policy measures, including the "Made in China 2025", the "Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries", and the "Three Year Action Plan for Enhancing the Core Competitiveness of the Manufacturing Industry (2015-2017)", in order to meet the needs of upgrading the global modern manufacturing industry. The above guidance clearly points out the acceleration of the research and industrialization of high-end precision CNC equipment and intelligent machining centers, breaking through the main functional components and key application software of multi-axis, multi-channel, high-precision high-end CNC systems, servo motors, etc., and developing and promoting the application of high-end CNC equipment, basic manufacturing equipment, and integrated manufacturing systems that are high-speed, efficient, flexible, and have network communication functions.
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Prospects for the Development of China's Vacuum Coating Industry in 2023
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